Importance: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a severe psychological impact on frontline and second-line medical workers. However, few empirical reports have been published on its impact on occupational therapists. Clarifying the mental health status of occupational therapists is important to maintain care quality and prevent psychological problems in this population. Objective: To investigate the psychological impact of COVID-19 on Japanese occupational therapists in prefectures with and without severe pandemic-related restrictions and elucidate factors associated with psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, and insomnia. Design: A cross-sectional online survey using region-stratified two-stage cluster sampling conducted May 28–31, 2020. Participants: The sample included 371 participants (63.1% women) in the prefectures under specific cautions (i.e., where residents were strictly advised to refrain from outings) and 1,312 in the prefectures without such cautions (61.9% women). Results: The increase in workload due to the pandemic was significantly related to an increase in anxiety, depression, and insomnia, and an attempt to avoid talking face to face with others was significantly related to an increase in anxiety regardless of area. In prefectures under specific cautions as of May 25, 2020, the provision of sufficient information on COVID-19 by the workplace significantly reduced the risk of insomnia. In other prefectures, the provision of sufficient information significantly reduced the risk of depression. Conclusions and Relevance: These results demonstrate the severe negative psychological impact of the increase in workload resulting from COVID-19 and suggest the importance of psychological support for occupational therapists, such as the provision of sufficient information by the workplace. What This Article Adds: This study highlights the importance of providing psychological support for occupational therapists worldwide.

Objectives. Interest in costing health care delivery on an individual case basis has increased in recent years as concern with overall health care costs has heightened. Costing exercises have been largely oriented around medical classification systems. Measures to incorporate the contributions of allied health activities such as occupational therapy are relatively recent. The objective of this study was to examine the attitudes and opinions of senior occupational therapy managers toward workload measurement on the basis of case mix. Method. A survey was sent to all 198 senior occupational therapy managers in accredited Canadian facilities, which was completed by 182 respondents for a response rate of 92%. The questionnaire asked about workload measurement system(s) currently used, satisfaction with the system(s), and needs and expectations of workload systems in general. Results. The majority of respondents were using a time recording workload measurement system and expressed relatively low levels of satisfaction with it. Current systems were unable to provide costing data, which respondents ranked as very important for themselves as managers. The majority of respondents believed that it would be useful or very useful to be able to cost occupational therapy services by a diagnostic grouping system and to establish standard protocols per diagnosis, standard times per procedure per institution, and standard times per procedure for the profession. Conclusion. There is support for developing or expanding current methods of measuring workload. Senior occupational therapy managers would like to be able to predict their workload prospectively, a step that will accommodate the move toward case costing and program management.