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Journal Articles
The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 1998, Vol. 52(7), 556–562.
Published: 01 July 1998
Abstract
Objective. The purpose of this study was to describe the physiological and perceptual responses during two physically demanding household tasks: cleaning the bathroom and vacuuming the living room. It also examined the relationship between predicted aerobic fitness and the physiological responses during the two tasks. Method. Seventeen healthy women between 30 and 50 years of age volunteered as participants. They were interviewed to gather demographic information required for prediction of aerobic fitness and observed while performing each task for 17 min to 20 min in their own home. Results. The heart rate, an index of circulatory strain, varied considerably among the participants and was moderately high during both tasks. Vacuuming the living room had a higher level of circulatory strain and perceived exertion than cleaning the bathroom. An inverse relationship existed between the predicted aerobic fitness and heart rate responses during the two tasks. Conclusion. Routine household tasks result in a significant circulatory strain in healthy women. Persons with high levels of aerobic fitness experience a lower degree of circulatory strain.
Journal Articles
The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 1988, Vol. 42(3), 169–175.
Published: 01 March 1988
Abstract
This study investigated the hypothesis that purposeful activity is an intrinsic motivator. We hypothesized that subjects would take longer to perceive themselves to be working hard and would have a higher heart rate increase when working on a product-oriented activity than when working on a non-product-oriented activity. Fifteen subjects sanded a cutting board that they could keep and a piece of wood that they could not keep until they reached a rating of 15( hard) on the Borg Rating Scale of Perceived Exertion. No significant differences were found in the subjects’ heart rate increase or in the time it took subjects to perceive themselves as working hard. Subjects reported significantly more enjoyment in sanding the cutting board than in sanding the wood, and significance increased further upon completion of the sanding board. Ex post facto, when subjects were categorized into three groups depending upon the degree of liking for each activity, it appeared that the degree of liking may be important in predicting exercise effort. Implications for practice and further research are discussed.
Journal Articles
The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 1986, Vol. 40(8), 529–534.
Published: 01 August 1986
Abstract
Fifteen male and 15 female subjects performed activities designated as purposeful and nonpurposeful that required the same muscle function. Subjects continued each activity to a predefined level of perceived exertion. The number of repetitions performed, the heart rate, and electromyogram (EMG) recordings were compared for the purposeful and nonpurposeful activities. Results showed a significantly greater number of repetitions performed on the purposeful activities (p = .001) recorded at equal levels of exertion. The hypothesis that individuals will be motivated to perform longer when the activity is purposeful was supported empirically, thereby substantiating a basic premise of occupational therapy.
Journal Articles
The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 1984, Vol. 38(3), 165–170.
Published: 01 March 1984
Abstract
Perceived exertion during the performance of purposeful and nonpurposeful activity was studied in 26 women. The subjects acted as their own controls in the performance of both kinds of exercise. The two exercises were jumping rope, defined as a purposeful activity, and jumping in place without a rope, defined as a nonpurposeful activity. In each activity the subjects exercised to reach the subjective point of “very hard work” on the Borg Scale of Perceived Exertion. Duration and cessation of exercise were entirely controlled by the performers. Heart rate responses during and immediately after cessation of exercise, measured by electrocardiographic telemetry, and duration of exercise in seconds were compared for the two types of exercise. Results showed that heart rate increase at a given rate of perceived exertion was significantly higher (.001) for jumping rope. This raises the possibility that workload was inadvertently perceived by the performers to be greater in nonpurposeful activity and provides support for the hypothesis that purposeful activity serves as an intrinsic motivator to the performer.