Importance: Time management is crucial for managing daily activities but is difficult for many people with neurodevelopmental or mental disorders. Few sustainable interventions have addressed time management in daily life. Objective: To describe the experiences and meaning of attending the Swedish version of the Let’s Get Organized (LGO–S) group intervention. Design: Qualitative design with interviews 1 to 4 mo after the completed intervention. Setting: Outpatient psychiatric and adult habilitation clinics. Participants: Twelve adults with neurodevelopmental or mental disorders. Intervention: LGO–S, a manual-based group intervention that focuses on time-management skills. Outcomes and Measures: Semistructured interviews analyzed with qualitative content analysis. All authors took an active part in the analysis process; consensus was reached. Results: The overarching theme, “a roller-coaster process toward control over time in daily life,” describes the participants’ process during and after intervention. Four main categories describe the meaning of understanding why time management is difficult and how to use tools for improvement, a process of change that was facilitated by the learning environment. Participants described the process as a struggle to take control over time, but they noted that the positive changes in daily life made it worthwhile. Conclusions and Relevance: Participation had a positive impact on daily life. The opportunity for skills training with support over an extended period, a changed view on failure, and the group format appear to be important success factors. What This Article Adds: The LGO–S, with its structured training of time-management skills, contributes to occupational therapy practice with an intervention that clients experience as bringing meaningful and positive changes to daily life functioning.

Importance: Occupational therapy practitioners can play a pivotal role in supporting breastfeeding mothers as they transition to and form new routines for this occupation. Objective: To explore whether occupational therapy programming can assist breastfeeding mothers in reaching their personal occupation-based wellness goals. Design: Mixed-methods design that involved development of an occupational profile and a goal attainment scale (GAS). After the intervention, participants rescored their GAS goals and completed a semistructured exit interview. Setting: Nonprofit lactation center located in the suburbs of a large mid-Atlantic U.S. city. Participants: Women recruited through convenience sampling who had been breastfeeding an infant for <6 mo, who were not currently weaning, and who had met with a lactation consultant at least once since giving birth were eligible (N = 17). Intervention: Group occupational therapy that consisted of 10 weekly 1-hr sessions. Topics were based on occupational profiles, GAS scores, and lactation consultant input. Outcomes and Measures: Each participant created and scored three goals using the GAS before and after the intervention. Results: Data from 14 of the 17 participants were analyzed. The average postintervention GAS score was 56.50 (M = 50), indicating that most personal wellness goals were reached. Thematic analysis revealed that occupational therapy programming helped mothers persevere with breastfeeding, feel more confident as new parents, and value both themselves and their baby. Conclusions and Relevance: There is an increasing role for occupational therapy practitioners in helping new mothers reach their personal wellness goals in ways that support their ability to continue breastfeeding. What This Article Adds: Maternal wellness and breastfeeding represent an emerging area of practice in which occupational therapy practitioners can provide new mothers with physical, social, and psychological supports that help them maintain self-efficacy related to breastfeeding and other meaningful occupations. This study provides foundational evidence in support of this collaboration.

Importance: The recovery model in mental health involves person-driven care and informed decision making to enhance engagement in meaningful activities and inclusion in society. To facilitate the recovery process, occupational therapy practitioners must support their clients in understanding how their participation in meaningful occupation is intimately related to their health and well-being. Objective: To explore whether engaging in an occupational reflection intervention on an inpatient psychiatric unit can support the recovery of adults living with serious mental illness (SMI). Design: Using a phenomenological design, we conducted semistructured interviews to assess whether participation in an occupational reflection intervention supported recovery. Setting: An inpatient psychiatric unit at a university medical center. Participants: We recruited 10 adults living with SMI using purposive sampling. Intervention: Participants engaged in a structured occupational reflection intervention using the Occupational Experience Profile (OEP). The OEP is a time-use diary that captures respondents’ subjective experiences of pleasure, productivity, restoration, and connection in relation to their participation in occupations over 24 hr. Study participants engaged in collaborative analyses regarding their OEP results to explore their subjective experiences in relation to their occupational participation. Outcomes and Measures: Participant self-report during interviews. Results: Engaging in structured reflection affected participants’ experiences of recovery by promoting insight into and awareness of how occupations affect mental health, encouraging positive reframing of occupational experience, and facilitating identification of strategies to support recovery and meaningful participation after discharge. Conclusions and Relevance: Occupational reflection can promote the recovery of adults living with SMI. What This Article Adds: A structured occupational reflection intervention can help adults living with SMI in inpatient psychiatric units to understand the close relationship between their participation in occupations and their health. This process provides valuable insight to clients regarding how to support their recovery through engagement in meaningful occupation.

Unpaid caregivers are often expected to help family members or friends overcome activity limitations and participation restrictions to successfully age in place. Caregivers assume multiple responsibilities, such as managing their own physical and psychosocial needs and navigating a complex health care system, and many feel ill equipped to fulfill the necessary health care responsibilities for their care recipients. Underprepared caregivers may cause poor outcomes for care recipients. Federal and state policy proposals call attention to the need to better support caregivers, especially as their numbers increase. Occupational therapy practitioners are well positioned to effectively engage caregivers as they navigate the health care system. The occupational therapy process looks broadly at the functional abilities, environmental contexts, and occupational demands that play a pivotal role in successful aging in place for clients and better outcomes for their caregivers. Now is the time to define occupational therapy’s distinct value to this area.

Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. In acute care, discharge planning is a primary role of OT for clients with arm impairment after stroke. Discharge planning accounts for many factors, including impairments, function, social supports, insurance, and the input of other disciplines. This research aimed to (1) determine the agreement in discharge recommendations between OT and physical therapy during acute hospitalization and (2) determine the agreement of OT recommendation and actual discharge setting for clients with arm impairment after stroke. Primary Author and Speaker: Nicole C. Lam Contributing Authors: Kimberly Erler, Jessica Ranford, Jessica D. Asiello, Kimberly Cortina, Natasha Frazier, Abigail Rude, Caitlin Sadlak, Helena Thorne, Rachel Collins, Erin E. Donovan, Sarah Norris, and David Lin

Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. A family's story creates the context for child maturation, and it is critical to understand when that story includes parental childhood trauma. This study describes how maternal early life stress impacted the role of caregiver and reduced competency within the mother–child system. Using a trauma-informed approach for the mother improved participation in developmentally appropriate play routines for the child. The occupational profile for mothers guided a client-centered plan of intervention. Primary Author and Speaker: Rondalyn Varney Whitney

Date Presented 04/13/21 Racial bias is defined as the negative evaluation of a group and its members relative to another and can exist on explicit and implicit levels. This is an exploratory study to examine the presence of implicit and explicit racial bias among OT professionals across the United States. The results (N = 201) highlight the presence of implicit and explicit racial biases among OT professionals in the United States and the need for further education on racial bias. Primary Author and Speaker: Alaa Abou-Arab Additional Authors and Speakers: Alee Leteria, Kristina Zanayed, and Susanne Higgins

Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. Currently, there is a lack of clinical guidelines to support clinicians working in driver rehabilitation. This study aimed to identify intervention practices and factors that influence driver rehabilitation recommendations by surveying driver rehabilitation specialists practicing across the United States and Canada. Results revealed both consistencies and inconsistencies in practice, which may be related to jurisdictional differences and relatively low levels of evidence in this area. Primary Author and Speaker: W. Ben Mortenson Contributing Authors: Brittany Langereis, Sarah Semeniuk, and Lisa Kristalovich

Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. Incarceration exposes individuals to a negative combination of sensory deprivation and sensory overstimulation, which has serious health consequences. The Sensory Profile (SP) was administered to 345 men and women residing in a corrections facility and who participated in OT programming. This presentation will illustrate how the SP data discriminate and then discuss the implications for using the SP in justice settings and designing appropriate intervention based on SP data. Primary Author and Speaker: Sandra Rogers Additional Authors and Speakers: John White

Date Presented 04/21/21 This study aims to provide the needs assessment data vital to understanding the current practice climate with rural OTs who work with clients who have sustained a traumatic brain injury. The aim is to identify the perceived outcomes, provide recommendations for practice, use for various service delivery applications (e.g., telehealth), and additional evidence-based treatment, as applicable. Primary Author and Speaker: Kalyn Briggs Additional Authors and Speakers: Sharon Gutman Contributing Authors: Karl Lorenz, Maria Yefimova, Caroline Gray, Joy Goebel, and Karleen Giannitrapani

Date Presented 04/13/21 This study examines the use of smart home technology (SHT) by international OT practitioners via a quantitative, descriptive research design using survey methodology. The results show supports and barriers to using SHT in practice, and conclusions indicate steps needed to further the use of these innovative interventions. This study sheds light on the future of SHT in practice and the potential SHT has to assist clients in leading more independent and meaningful lives. Primary Author and Speaker: Kylie M. Walthers Additional Authors and Speakers: Kathryn Bach, Megan Gray Contributing Authors: Karla Ausderau, Brittany St John

Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. This mixed-methods study identified college student self-perceptions of readiness for independent adult living in key occupational performance areas. Results from quantitative online surveys and qualitative open-ended interviews showed that college students may benefit from training in home management, financial education, and broader exposure to government issues. College-age clients receiving OT services may also benefit from this as part of the OT intervention program. Primary Author and Speaker: Grace Fisher Additional Authors and Speakers: Keri Bremigen, Stephanie Giardina, Jessica Lane, and Syrena Riley

Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. The need for diverse and culturally relevant assessment tools is the responsibility of all OTs when delivering client-centered care. Assessment tools for Arabic-speaking clients in the United States are close to none. The use of culturally less-relevant assessment tools sabotages the client-centered care approach (e.g., addressing self-care activities that are culturally or religiously mandated). This study reviews the adaptation and the psychometric properties of the A-PASS. Primary Author and Speaker: Razan Hamed Additional Authors and Speakers: Margo Holm

Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. Practitioners were surveyed about knowledge, preparedness, and attitudes toward treating LGBT clients. Multivariate analysis was used to compare LGBT–Development of Clinical Skills Scale scores and characteristics of respondents (N = 558). Type of degree, setting, experience, religiosity, and hours of education contributed to significant differences in knowledge and preparedness, but not attitudes. Findings suggest even minimal practitioner education has potential for improving equity and inclusion for LGBT population. Primary Author and Speaker: Deborah J. Bolding Additional Authors and Speakers: Angela Acosta, Brigitte Butler, April Chau, Brenna Craig, and Fiona Dunbar

Date Presented 04/19/21 The Let's Get Organized (LGO) group intervention is a promising tool for improving time management and organizational skills. The aim of this study was to describe the experiences and meaning of attending the LGO intervention. Participants described a roller-coaster process toward control in daily life where success and setback were mixed. Most participants experienced meaningful and positive changes in daily life, such as getting more things done and increased control and safety. Primary Author and Speaker: Kajsa Lidstroem Holmqvist Additional Authors and Speakers: Amy Abbott, Vanessa Jewell, Julia Shin, and Marion Russell

Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. This research examined how client and health care factors affected OT outcomes for clients. A quantitative study was conducted with consecutive sampling of more than 200 participants with upper extremity (UE) conditions over an 18-month period. UE therapy outcomes were assessed every 4 weeks using Global Rate of Change (GROC) and QuickDASH scores, which both improved significantly. This study can inform OTs working with outpatient clients about factors that can affect decisions regarding treatment implementation. Primary Author and Speaker: Cindy Hayden

Date Presented 04/21/21 Findings will be presented from a quantitative study exploring if, how, and when OTs address self-advocacy with their clients during therapeutic interventions. Implications for OT practice will be discussed, including examples of strategies used to provide clients with self-advocacy education and how they are being implemented in treatment and continuing education. Primary Author and Speaker: Laura Vanpuymbrouck Additional Authors and Speakers: Yinao Wang, Abigail Catalano Contributing Authors: Gesina Phillips

Date Presented 04/12/21 The purpose of this study was to explore students’ prior anatomy coursework, their perceived preparedness in anatomy, and their performance in a mandatory human movement course in an OT program. The secondary purpose was to determine student interest in a potential online anatomy review course. More than half the participants felt that they were underprepared for anatomy-related content, indicating that an additional stand-alone anatomy course may be beneficial to students in OT programs. Primary Author and Speaker: Ashleigh Giles Additional Authors and Speakers: Cristin Holland, Susan Agostine Contributing Authors: Stephanie Bristol, John Sideris, Emily Schulze, Yun-Ju Chen, Elizabeth Choi, Aaron Dallman, Linda Watson, Elizabeth Crais, Grace Baranek, and Amanda M. Wiles

Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. Undergraduate OT students face great challenges when transitioning to employment. A meaningful combination of theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and personal abilities provides them a better sense of readiness for their future roles as OTs, which requires caring for clients and resilience in dealing with difficult, life-changing events. This mixed-methods pilot study empirically examines those variables before and after students’ last fieldwork training. Primary Author and Speaker: Ruth Shoham Additional Authors and Speakers: Yael Fogel

Date Presented 04/200/21 Older adults in the United States are at high risk for polypharmacy, which is related to increased falls, confusion, constipation, weakness, and tiredness. OTs are uniquely prepared to notice function-related impairments due to polypharmacy but do not routinely screen for or address it. This study found that an infographic increased OTs' knowledge of and willingness to intervene regarding polypharmacy and may be cost effective and time efficient in encouraging OTs to attend to polypharmacy side effects. Primary Author and Speaker: Anna M. Quigg Contributing Authors: Jennifer Gordon, Allison Bigg, Kathleen Graser, and Victoria Fichter