Caffeine Intake and Anxiety in College Students

Caffeine is the most consumed central nervous system stimulant in the world and is more prevalent among college students when compared to the rest of the population. Meanwhile, anxiety is also extremely prevalent in university students and caffeine can exacerbate symptoms. The purpose of the study is to determine if there is an association between the anxiety levels of university students and caffeine consumption as well as the perceived impact of caffeine on anxiety symptoms. Using a mixed-methods, exploratory design, 154 university students volunteered and anonymously participated. They completed a standardized assessment, The Adult Manifest Anxiety Scale for College Students, and an occupational therapy student-created, Survey of College Students Occupations, which explored caffeine use, quantity, and its perceived impact on anxiety symptoms. Qualitative and quantitative data were compared to interpret the final results. Quantitative data was analyzed through Google Sheets with statistical analysis through SPSS software. Results showed about 1/3 of the participants do not use caffeine. Non-users had a typical score in anxiety (T=52) while caffeine users fell into mild elevation(T=56). Data analysis showed that the difference between the groups was significant (p=.042). Qualitative data on how caffeine use affects anxiety was first individually themed and then discussed with group consensus on final themes. Themes showed 62% indicate no impact, 23% report caffeine decreases anxiety through enhanced performance, alertness, focus, and energy while 15% felt it increases anxiety symptoms. University students are vulnerable and at high risk for mental health problems. Educators and occupational therapists must be aware of caffeine’s association with anxiety. This study showed that more students believe caffeine provides benefits and are unaware of the mental health impact. Addressing caffeine use is key as a form of mental health treatment and prevention.

References

Bertasi, R. A., Humeda, Y., Bertasi, T. G., Zins, Z., Kimsey, J., & Pujalte, G. (2021). Caffeine intake and mental health in college students. Cureus.https://DOI.org/10.7759/cureus.14313

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Evans, J., Richards, J. R., & Battisti, A. S. (2022). Caffeine - StatPearls - NCBI bookshelf. National Center for Biotechnology Information. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519490/#_NBK519490_pubdet_